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The Laks or Laki (self-designation: Lak) are an indigenous people of Dagestan in the North Caucasus, Russia. They speak the Lak language. Laks historically live in Lakskiy and Kulinskiy District of Dagestan. This ethnocultural area is known as Lakia. There are about 180,000 ethnic Laks. ==Ethnonym== The word "Lak" is the self-designation of Lak people as in Lak expressions: "zhu Lak buru" — we are Lak; "zhu Lakral khalq buru" — we are Lak people; "Laktal" — Laks; "Lakssa" — Lakian, Laks, Lak man; "Lakkuchu" — Lakian man; "Lakku maz" — Lakian language; "Lakkuy" — Lakia; "Lakral kanu" — Lak place; "Lakral rayon" — Lak district; "Lakral bilayat" — Lak country; "Lakral pachchahlug" — Lak state. Laks use the name "Lak" as their ethnonym and placename. P. K. Uslar (1864) reported on the use of self-designaton "Lak" by residents of Gazi-Kumukh: "Lakkuchu, Lakkuchunal, nominative plural Lak, genitive Lakral — Kazikumukh man; Lak — the name of the whole country; ta uri Lakkuy — he lives in Kazikumukh; ta nai uri Lakkuya — he comes from Kazikumukh; ta Lakku mazray galga ti uri — he speaks in Kazikumukh language; Lakku adat — Kazikumukh custom; Lakral kanu — Kazikumukh, lit. the place of Lak people".〔Услар П.К. Этнография Кавказа. Языкознание. 4. Лакский язык. Тифлис, 1890, сс. 311, 312, 2.〕 Russian army generals and historians A. V. Komarov (1869) and N. F. Dubrovin (1871) in their distinct writings on the history and ethnography of Caucasus mentioned that the self-designation of the residents of Gazi-Kumukh was "Lak" whom they named "Laki" (Laks).〔А. В. Комаров. Казикумухские и Кюринские ханы. Тифлис, 1869, с. 1.〕〔Н. Ф. Дубровин. История войны и владычество русских на Кавказе. Очерк Кавказа и народов его населяющих: Кавказ. СПб, том 1, книга 1, 1871, стр. 505.〕 In the population census of Dagestan Oblast of 1886 the residents of Kazikumukh Okrug were named "Laki" (Russian "Лаки").〔РГАЭ, ф. 1562, оп. 336, д. 972, 986, 1244, 1566-б, 1567, 5924, 7877.〕 On the schematic map of the Dagestan Oblast of 1895, compiled by historian and ethnographer E. I. Kozubskiy, the residents of Kazikumukh Okrug are called "Laki".〔See: Приложение к «Памятная книжка Дагестансокй области. Издана по распоряжению г. военного губернатора Дагестанской области. Составил Е. И. Козубский. С тремя портретами и схематическою картою. Темир-Хан-Шура. „Русская типография“ В. М. Сорокина. 1895.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Laks (Caucasus)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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